NEBULAE
Planetary Nebula & Globular Cluster in Scutum
— IC 1295 & NGC 6712 —

Processed by Nicolas Rolland, Paris. 6.3 hours gathered at El Sauce Observatory, Rio Hurtado, Chile.
These two objects are half a degree apart on the sky and twenty-two thousand light-years apart in space. One is a star ending; the other is a million of them, ending together.
A shell, and the star that left it
IC 1295 is a small planetary nebula in Scutum, about 4,700 light-years away — several nested envelopes of gas thrown off by a dying star. The star itself is still visible at the centre, a white-blue point: a white dwarf about the size of the Earth, which is what remains once most of the star's mass has been shed into the space around it.
Green, because of oxygen
The nebula's green comes from oxygen atoms excited by the ultraviolet output of that white dwarf. Doubly ionised oxygen emits at a wavelength the eye reads as green-blue, and it is the dominant line in most planetary nebulae — which is why an OIII filter, passing that wavelength and blocking almost everything else, is the standard way to bring one of these out of the sky background.
NGC 6712, and what is left of it
The globular cluster half a degree away is far behind it, at about 26,400 light-years. It is roughly 12 billion years old, 70 to 75 light-years across, and holds around a million stars — but it is coming apart. Repeated passages through the disc of the Milky Way have stripped it, and it is estimated to have lost some 99 per cent of the mass it started with. In 2021 a pulsar was found inside it, PSR J1853-0842A, turning once every 2.15 milliseconds.
Six hours, and no OIII filter
A CDK24 at f/6.5 from Rio Hurtado in May 2022, six hours and twenty minutes across luminance, red, green and blue — an hour and a half per channel, and no narrowband at all. That is the constraint worth naming: the nebula's defining feature is an emission line, and it was recorded through broadband filters that pass it along with everything else. The green is there, at its true relative strength against the star field, and it is not isolated. An OIII frame would have lifted it clear of the background and made a different image — one where the nebula dominates and the cluster behind it recedes. This one keeps both at the brightness they actually have.